16
Holly, Locust, (2 species,) Sycamore, Linn, (Linden or Lime, 3 species,) Buckeye, (2 species,) Wild Cherry, Red Cedar, White Cedar, Magnolia, (7 species,) Willow, (4 species,) and others, of various uses in domestic economy; many of them valued as shade and ornamental trees, a number of them much prized as
Cabinet Woods; among which may be mentioned the Black Walnut, already described, the Red Cedar, sometimes nearly equalling the Mahogany in beauty of color and grain, free from insects and aromatic; the Black Birch or Mountain Mahogany and Wild Cherry, both of very ornamental grain, taking a high polish ; and so also the Curly and Bird's Eye Maple; the Holly, a beautiful, close-grained, white wood, taking a brilliant polish. It will readily be imagined what variety, richness and beauty these numerous species, belonging to so many and widely differing families of plants, must impart to the forests of this State, and what a vast mine of wealth they must become in the near future.
THE SOILS
\
Of the eastern section are generally sandy and of moderate fertility, (with occasional ridges very sandy and sterile);; but along the streams are wide bottoms, and stretching out many miles from the bays and sounds, immense level tracts of clayey loam of great depth and fertility, producing 20 to 30 bushels of wheat, or a bale of cotton to the acre. And: on the flattish swells, between the mouths of the great rivers, and around the margins of the lakes are vast tracts of swamp lands, covered with dense forests, of a dark peaty soil of great depth and inexhaustible fertility, producing the largest crops for 100 years in succession without manure.
In the middle and western districts, the region of predominant oak growth, the soils are of every variety of composition, and every grade of fertility. They may be generally described as clayey and gravelly loams, except the.