334
EXPOSITION AT VIENNA.
Table showing the Pressure different Bricks are capable of sustaining in various positions.
No.
Degree
Locality of
Process of
Position—
between which
Number of pounds
of Burning.
Clay.
Manufacture.
pressure.
the bricks were placed.
pressure at which the bricks crushed.
1
Salmon, |
Pea Shore,
N. J.
C.B.& Co. Machine.
^ End.
Ash wood.
8,960= 4 tons.
2
Salmon, .
U
ii
Edge.
ii n
15,680= 7 tons.
3
Salmon, .
Light
Stretcher,
ii
u
Side.
a a
40,320=18 tons.
4 ^
§ “
a
Edge.
it a
13,440= 6 tons.
5
Hard, .
it
a
Side.
Cast iron, j
134,400=60 tons, without crushing.
6
Salmon, ^
Philada. ) Neck. (
By hand, .
Edge.
it ii
11,200= 5 tons.
7
Light
Stretcher,
1 “
it
Side.
i< a
33,600=15 tons.
8
Hard,
ft
a
Side.
a u
67,200=30 tons.
The first four experiments were made with the bricks laid between hard ash planks, but the wood crushed and spread out, carrying the edges of the bricks with it, so that the pressure at which they crushed may be considered far under the actual pressure the bricks are capable of sustaining. The last four experiments were made with the bricks between plates of cast-iron, without any cement, or anything between them, the rough, uneven surfaces coming in contact; consequently, they were much more severe than though the bricks had been laid in cement, so as to allow the pressure to be evenly distributed over the whole surface.
Display of Brick Machines at Former Exhibitions.
At the Exhibition in Paris, 1867, several brick machines were shown, and were reported upon specially by M. Paul Bonneaville, Engineer of Arts and Manufactures, with drawings.*
The London International Exhibition in 1871 was particularly rich in all forms of the potter’s art and appliances, and the brick and tile machinery of Europe was well shown. It is described in some detail by Peter Bawden, Esq.,f and also by Arthur Beckwith of New York. Salvetat and Ebelmen,
* Etudes sur L’Exposition, Lacroix, VII., 350.
t Official Reports (British) on the London International Exhibition, I., 345.