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EXPOSITION AT VIENNA.
A large business is done at Buda-Pest, Hungary, in chilled cast-iron car-wheels. The trade has increased from 16 in 1853, to over 26,000 in 1868. They are most used on Saxon, Austrian and Russian roads. Ordinary American cars, with six-wheeled trucks, are employed in Wiirtemburg and on a few Austrian lines, generally for second and third class passengers. A system for warming cars by circulation of hot water, very similar to that in use here, was sliovm by a Geneva builder.
In wood-vmrking machinery English models have been very closely adhered to on the continent. In the Swedish department, hovmver, there were two poor imitations of the moulding machines made by R. Ball & Co., Worcester, and a planing machine, with fixed cutters, on a plan which has been condemned here. A Hungarian house exhibited a continuous rotary planer for surfacing short boards. The design is American and worthless.
The application of machinery to the manufacture of boots and shoes is peculiar to our country ; consequently the exhibits in this industry v 7 ere but inferior copies of well-known machines. An exception might be made in favor of Lemer- cier, in the French department, vdio displayed ail original machine for fastening on soles and heels by brass screw's, and a lasting machine which v T as rather a hindrance than a help.
Sewing machines were exhibited by a great number of continental firms, as well as English, and their manufacture has become a standard business. It is, however, flattering testimony to the skill of our mechanics, that the American- made machines are sold in very large numbers in the European markets, at much higher prices than those of domestic make.
American breech-loading guns were shown in great numbers (the manufacture of European government shops), but it is needless to say not so well made, and apparently not so cheaply as our work.
Another prominent manufacture, founded on American invention, was that of Rubber in its various forms.
Of Agricultural implements, some are made according to the traditions of the country; some are copied from the